Bookpedia : Library WWWisdom : Author : H

Summary: This is book is extremely readable - I found myself as engrossed in it as if it were a work of fiction, which is a credit to its readability. Good features include a clear breakdown of the various chapters into easily digestible chunks, a huge bibliography, comprehensive glossary and ability (of the author) ot see what issues are really important. For its size (about 250 pages) the book does an excellent (and largely unbiased) job of expositing the major (and contentious) areas of philosophy of logic. The only negative part is that too much prior knowledge is sometimes assumed, knowledge which I feel sometimes falls outside the scope of 'a first course in logic' which Haack explains is necessary to understand the book. However this is made up for by the glossary and excellent referencing. I feel this is book is an outstanding achievement and serves as a model for how similar introductory works in technical philosophy should be written. All together a very good and informative read. DJP

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Summary: The historical basis of planning

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Summary: Ejercicios prácticos de lengua española

Summary: Considering that the history of the Internet is perhaps better documented internally than any other technological construct, it is remarkable how shadowy its origins have been to most people, including die-hard Net-denizens!
At last, Hafner and Lyon have written a well-researched story of the origins of the Internet substantiated by extensive interviews with its creators who delve into many interesting details such as the controversy surrounding the adoption of our now beloved "@" sign as the separator of usernames and machine addresses. Essential reading for anyone interested in the past -- and the future -- of the Net specifically, and telecommunications generally.

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Summary: Il "manifesto" del Circolo di Vienna

Summary: If you want to know how to practice homoeopathy, this is all you should need to read from the Founder himself. Forget Kent, Sankaran, Scholten, Sherr, Murphy, Herscu - this is the guy to read and learn from, Christian Samuel Hahnemann.

Every answer to every question you may have will be found in this book and if you intend to study homoeopathy, this should be the very first thing you read.

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Summary: In 1962 this book was provided to all Peace Corps Volunteers as part of their preparation for working abroad in non-U.S. cultures. Hall describes categories of communication which can be used to compare any two cultures. He discusses not only conversation but a number of non-verbal communication areas, with good illustrative scenarios, for the variety of attitudes toward personal space, use of time, interaction with authorities and the law, etc. His ideas seem congruent with Marshall McLuhan's famous concept of "the medium as the message." For me, --as a very verbal person, an artist, and a world traveler-- this book provided new and useful insights about inter- and intracultural communication. It is clearly organized, well written, fascinating, and as relevant to today's global communication as when it was written.

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Summary: A classic since 1928, this masterly encyclopedia of ancient mythology, ritual, symbolism, and the arcane mysteries of the ages is available for the first time in a compact "reader's edition."

Like no other book of the twentieth century, Manly P. Hall's legendary "The Secret Teachings of All Ages" is a codex to the ancient occult and esoteric traditions of the world. Students of hidden wisdom, ancient symbols, and arcane practices treasure Hall's magnum opus above all other works.

While many thousands of copies have sold since its initial publication in 1928, "The Secret Teachings of All Ages" has previously been available only in oversized, expensive editions. For the first time, Hall's celebrated classic is now published in an affordable trade paperback volume. Literally hundreds of entries shine a rare light on some of the most fascinating and closely held aspects of myth, religion, and philosophy from throughout the centuries.

More than one hundred line drawings and a sixteen-page color insert reproduce some of the finest illustrations of the original book, while reset and reformatted text makes this edition of "The Secret Teachings of All Ages" newly accessible to readers everywhere.

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Summary: Essai sur l'originalité biologique de l'individu

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Summary: To simplify complex decisions by simplyfying the trade-offs

Summary: Charts and concepts of the mind and its labyrinth

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Summary: I found this amazingly farsighted, it would be of great interest to anybody involved in how work is evolving and the futures of individuals and their place in the work market. It gives plenty of food for thought on how not just employees but employers should view the work market in the years to come. Would be of interest to anybody involved in education, careers guidance, personnel and management, especially management!

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Summary: I first came across this book when studying for my MBA. Later I started teaching management classes(1992);the official reading lists for the courses I taught were long and full of difficult to read texts. Some of the students asked me to recommend an easy to read text; I recommended this book because I had found it so easy to handle. I've recommended it ever since. Over the years it has been revised and improved so it still remains fresh and stuffed with current management thinking. The summaries of different theories are really useful for struggling students.If you are a first year BA or a CMS/DMS student.

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Summary: Duemilacinquecento anni fa, sotto l'albero dell'illuminazione, il Buddha comprese che all'origine dell'infelicità vi sono tre cause: l'errata conoscenza, il desiderio ossessivo e la rabbia. Di queste condizioni la più pericolosa è la rabbia, capace in un solo istante di minare sino alle fondamenta sia il corpo sia l'anima, di distruggere la nostra spiritualità. Gli insegnamenti buddhisti che si ritrovano in questo libro rivelano però che la profonda comprensione di questa emozione rende possibile riconoscere, circoscrivere e alleviare la sofferenza causata dalla collera, che diventa così un mezzo fondamentale per trasformare noi stessi e far emergere la nostra bontà primordiale. Grazie alla "pratica della felicità" e della compassione è possibile non solo vincere la rabbia, ma anche mutarla in potente alleato.

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Summary: Exploring the inner lives and conflicts of three main characters, each of whom is a member of the band during the Titanic's maiden voyage, Fosnes Hansen recreates the unstable and dismal world each man inhabits at the dawn of World War I. Jason Coward is bandmaster, Leo Lewenhaupt, known as Spot Hauptmann, is the pianist, and young David Bleierstein is a violinist. Together with two lesser developed characters, Alex from St. Petersburg, and Petronius from Rome, they raise the big questions of how we become who we are, how much freedom we have to make choices in our lives, and to what extent we can control our destinies.
Each of these characters is in some way a captain without a ship. As Fosnes Hansen brings them alive through the poignant and often harrowing tales of their youth, including the death of their dreams and the sorrows which have led them to the Titanic, we see them as ordinary people whose lives might have been completely different if just one or two circumstances had changed. Lonely and self-destructive, all have found love to be illusory and a stable and loving family life to be impossible. In the consummate irony, the Titanic may offer hope, for "A ship is a star...a star of dreams."
A writer of great intensity, Fosnes Hansen's portrayals of his characters are simultaneously gripping and sympathetic, his stories and anecdotes realistic and moving. Not given to flights of lyricism, the author creates his images through his selection of perfect details and by providing access to the vibrant inner lives of the characters. Revealing the Titanic as a microcosm of life in 1914, the author also offers many symbolic scenes--rat fights, the execution of beloved pets, puppet shows, for example--which broaden the reader's perspective on the characters and their times. Though the ending fizzles with the sinking of the ship, the novel is startling, not only in its own right, but because it so clearly foreshadows the author's later novel, Tales of Protection, a novel which is more fully developed thematically and which soars! Mary Whipple

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Summary: This is a delightful read. The foreword by C.P. Snow takes up approximately one-third of the book, and is effectively a short biography of Hardy. It follows his life from late Victorian public school, to Trinity at Cambridge, then to New College Oxford, and then back to Cambridge. His initial decision to go to Cambridge came after reading “A Fellow of Trinity” by “Alan St Aubyn” – this is apparently not one of the world’s greatest works of literature, but I just have to read it now to see what was in it that could inspire him so strongly!
CP Snow paints a delightful picture of the life of an honest, eccentric, and intellectually gifted man – a life revolving around academia in general, mathematics, cricket, radical ideas and some superb eccentricities. Hardy was suspicious of all things mechanical – “If you fancy yourself at the telephone, there is one in the other room”. This book is worth reading for the foreword alone.
Hardy’s work then follows, written in a series of short, pithy chapters, a bit too long to be called aphorisms, but each almost stands alone in placing an argument, crafted in step-by-step fashion, as you would expect of a mathematician. Now, maybe my interpretation of Hardy’s words is different to others, but for me, although he concentrates on the rights or wrongs of devoting one’s life to pure mathematics, discussing how “worthwhile” mathematics is as a profession, I think you can read this as an argument on the merits or otherwise of any human endeavour. He basically concludes that it is far better to exercise to the full whatever talent one has, than do undistinguished work in other fields. There’s more depth to it than that of course, all very readable, and an interesting set of views for those faced with an awkward crossroads in life!

Summary: If you take any Philosophy course at University you will surely read this book, which is a well-written piece in the style of most modern philosophy - analysing terms in 'normal' language to get to grips with the truth of such terms.
In Language of Morals, Hare proposes his theory of prescriptivism, a useful theory which addresses the problems inherent in purely descriptivist theories such as naturalism, and more subjective ones such as emotivism. Hare also provides a defence of Utilitarianism.
Ultimately, Hare is successful in showing that no amount of 'is' statements can get an 'ought' - that is, factual statements cannot produce a moral judgement - first proposed by Hume, by more recently disputed by John Searle. This is an intriguing book, with a common sense approach to moral philosophy and some serious arguments against both descriptive and purely subjective theories of ethics ... enjoyable and accessible!

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Summary: God, man and the cosmos

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Summary: Twenty Experiments That Changed Our View of the World

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Summary: Harris' Legal Philosophies is a marvellous work. I take up the earlier reviewer's claim that this book is a little confusing; far from it: Legal Philosophies is a clear, lucid, pithy and witty introduction to a fascinating, if often difficult subject. Legal philosophy can be confusing; Harris' approach makes it accessible.
Harris' scope and ability to draw on primary and secondary sources is tremendous. He covers the Anglo-American "canon" of authors that is Hart, Dworkin and Finnis, surveys many schools of thought, including, inter alia legal realism, legal science (he is particularly impressive on Kelsen) and critical legal studies, and provides balanced knowledge and insightful commentary on several major jurisprudential issues: duty to obey the law, the rational behind punitive justice and the relationship between law and morality.
There is no better introduction or general guide to legal philosophy.

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Summary: Marvin Harris is one of those writers that it's almost impossible to disagree with, while you are reading him. Later, when you've put down his book, and you're trying to recap his points, they seem simplistic and muddy. So you pick up the book again and, there they are, all his arguments and evidence, as clear and convincing as ever. I think this has to a lot to do with the sheer quality of his writing, as well as the fact that he is someone who has spent the better part of his life studying, teaching, and observing human culture. His themes are broad, and sweep over the entirety of human cultural evolution. Harris is convinced of the primacy of humankind's ecological roles and modes in shaping human culture. He explains warfare, the state, the male superiority complex, food taboos, industrialism, plant and animal domestication, cannibalism--all in terms of the productive and demographic imperatives of human life throughout the past several thousand years. His basic argument is presented as a cycle: when the going is good, human populations expand. But as population pressures increase, the current method of obtaining energy and protein from the environment must be intensified. This intensification, however, comes at the price of diminishing returns for time invested. Sooner or later a crisis is reached. The humans in question must either restrict their population growth (primarily through infanticide, abortion or contraception), or up the technological ante and find a new way of exploiting their environment. And so civilization ratchets onward, increasing the level of time spent on subsistence, sharpening the hierarchies of power, bringing cities, and prisons, and slavery, and bosses, etc. Along the way, various cultural oddities can be explained as responses to material tradeoffs. But no mere description of Marvin Harris' writing does him justice. Read the book.

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Summary: One of the most important books written in the field of jurisprudence and legal philosophy. A must-read for anyone who wants to talk intelligently about the topic. Each of Dr. Hart's chapters has been the springboard for entire areas of discussion since its publication, such as law as a system of rules, the separation of law and morality, etc. After you finish this book, read Prof. Dworkin's critique in "The Model of Rules," 35 Univ.Chi.L.Rev. 14 (1967) (excerpted in "The Philosophy of Law") and Prof. Dworkin's "Taking Rights Seriously" to see how Hart's theories have affect jurisprudential scholarship since the publication of this text in 1961. Again, if one had to select the top thinkers in the field, it's Austin, Hart, and Dworkin.

Summary: Toward a solution to problems of world hunger and conservation

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Summary: "Money in an Unequal World" is a distinctly individualised exploration of the way currency has become a universal source of "social memory," and what this means in a global society now riding the latest wave of its transformation from "metallic objects to paper notes to electronic digits." Keith Hart, a teacher and social anthropologist, offers this unique perspective by drawing on a background that combines such eclectic pursuits as academics, entrepreneurship and gambling. Also drawing upon philosophers of the "democratic revolution" like Locke, Kant, Marx and Gandhi, he tackles this highly abstract tale by examining "the conjuncture of money and machines that makes our phase of economic history capitalist" and investigating "money and markets from a humanistic point of view." Inviting readers to discover the story in their own way--even recommending that one "dip into the argument at random, allowing your eye to rest where it finds fertile ground (and move on if it does not)"--Hart meanders in a basically linear and highly entertaining fashion from the struggle against the agrarian hierarchy to the collapse of Stalinism and the rise of the Web. Ultimately, he concludes that changes apparent today actually provide an unprecedented opportunity to improve the world using money and markets as instruments of "economic democracy." His argument is provocative and illuminating. --"Howard Rothman"

Summary: If you have not yet read 'Forest Farming' by Douglas and Hart, then you may lack the background to fully appreciate this book. In 'Forest Farming' we are told that civilized man has marched across the face of the earth and left a desert in his footprints primarily because he has ploughed the hills with the loss of top soil. Crop-yielding trees offer the best medium for extending agriculture to hills, steep places, rocky places, and to the lands where rainfall is deficient. Every good Buddhist plants and sees the establishment of one tree at least every five years and this simple act multiplied six billion times would have a greater economic benefit for humankind than traditional development plans. The 'tool' with the greatest potentials for feeding men and animals, for regenerating the soil, for restoring water-systems, for controlling floods and droughts, for creating more benevolent micro-climates and more comfortable and stimulating living conditions for humanity, is the tree. Douglas and Hart point out that the deeper problem is ignorance as many crop-yielding trees and shrubs are currently ignored by farmers because agriculture in most parts of the world is geared to cereal growing and livestock rearing by conventional means, despite the fact that trees offer higher yields per acre. If the tree growing potentialities of city private gardens was fully recognized, suburban areas would not only have purer air and a more benevolent microclimate but a greater degree of self-sufficiency.
In this book Hart develops the case for the urban dweller to adopt forest gardening to achieve economy of space and labor while producing fruit, nuts, root and perennial vegetables and herbs. He provides the guidelines required for temperate, tropical and sub-tropical climates. "Like the forest it is arranged in seven 'storeys', with the original apple and pear trees constituting the 'canopy' and the other plants occupying the lower tiers. Thus the garden has a well-defined vertical dimension as well as horizontal ones. Now that it has been established for several years, I can affirm that it requires minimal maintenance, as the plants - nearly all perennials - largely look after themselves and are very healthy. The main work involved is that of cutting back plants that try to encroach on others. The wide diversity of species ensures that any small invasions of pests never reach epidemic proportions, as they tend to do under monocultural conditions. The large number of aromatic herbs creates a deliciously fragrant atmosphere, and, I am convinced, contributes to the pest-and-disease-resistance of the other plants. As we eat the herbs and perennial vegetables daily in our salads, the garden makes a significant contribution to our diet throughout the growing season, from the first herbs and wild garlic in March to the last apples in November."
The author goes on to warn us that we must seek ordered diversity governed by the laws of plant symbiosis but the results can be that a half hectare can support a family of up to ten people. Java has the greatest concentration of forest gardens yet is one of the most densely populated rural areas of the world. Forest gardening is more than a system for supplying mankind's material needs; it is a way of life which addresses man's spiritual needs by its beauty and the wealth of wildlife it attracts. In the early chapters we follow the author's development as he wrestles with the problem, concluding that: "if one could devise an integrated system of land-use consisting mainly of perennial plants - fruit and nut tress and bushes together with perennial vegetables and herbs - as well as a diet based on this mix, the task of achieving self-sufficiency would be vastly simplified. This is how I discovered agroforestry."
There are plenty of good tips such as this one on potatoes. "The champion exponent of this technique, the aim of which is to grow a colossal crop of potatoes from a single seed, was a Sussex villager, Tom Cooke, known as the Ace of Spuds. This was his procedure: large seed potatoes, well supplied with eyes, were soaked in a solution of liquid seaweed and water for an hour a week for six months, starting in October. During the winter Tom prepared his plot, allowing eight-foot squares for each seed. The site was excavated one-foot deep and filled with wheat straw, to which dry seaweed fertilizer was added after the straw had weathered and was almost black. On top of this came a layer of manure and soil mixed with more seaweed. The tubers were planted at the end of March or early April and covered with a thin dressing of straw. Then, at fortnightly intervals, the growing plants were earthed up with layers of straw, seaweed and soil until they reached a height of some 3-4 feet, sending out numerous side-shoots liberally supplied with tubers. After a series of foliar feeds with liquid seaweed, the harvest was eventually reached: over half a ton of potatoes from just six seeds!"
If you are an avid gardener there will surely be something new in this book; if you simply want to make your garden more productive and did not know of the seven story concept, you will find this book helpful; if you have been overwhelmed by the work in the garden you should concentrate on perennials as Hart has done; if you have just a small plot this book will help you get the maximum production and help you to eat healthily; if you would like to attract more wildlife to your garden, read this book. It is difficult to imagine anyone not profiting from Hart's theoretical and practical research.

Summary: Gli interventi più adatti in caso di avvelenamento, ferita, frattura, infarto, shock, trauma, ustione

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Summary: It is strange to think that we can choose our future in global terms, although we take it for granted in our individual and family life. In fact we seek as much control over our lives as we can, as we don't like being interrupted by unscheduled meetings, unannounced power cuts or breakdowns in public services. On a global basis we seem to accept major disruptions and our lack of control as a matter of course - as witnessed by the recent flooding and heat waves in Europe and other disasters around the world. But, as the authors tell us in this book written in 1982, we chose this particular future. It was a conscious selection. Perhaps we don't recognize it as such but a decision not to act is still a decision. Ask any insurer what has happened to natural disaster insurance claims and premiums since World War II and you will be told that they have gone through the roof. Once again, this was our choice.
The authors lay out the facts very clearly and outlined seven possible tomorrows. The book was a plea to our leaders and decision-makers to select the tomorrow they wanted and then to implement the required strategies to get us there. That we are in our present mess was a decision to carry on with business as usual and adopt a laissez faire approach - one of the tomorrows forecast. We are now reaping as we sowed. Are we wiser today that we were twenty years ago? If we think so then we should read this book because it provides a template that can be readily updated. Some doors to some futures may have closed while other more horrific ones may have opened but the message is the same - we have choice in determining our future.
Hawken, Ogilvy and Schwartz start by pointing out that the problems and options encountered by humankind in recent decades require a rigorous and intelligent stance toward our fate. As the highest evolved species on the planet we have the capacity to invent and to choose a better way to live. There are about one hundred variables such as desertification, demographics and resource distribution together with major driving trends - energy, climate, food, the economy and values - which are listed because they have the broadest effect on the greatest number of people. By putting all these into a matrix, removing incompatible relationships, seven scenarios were produced, any of which could have been made to happen if enough people made a big enough effort. It is virtually impossible for the world to evade the driving trends but uncertainties arise from such things as new technology (the Internet was not mentioned), war and its ramifications, mankind's response to information and the value system adopted.
Complications arise because everything is connected and establishing the causal chain for scenario projection becomes complex. A simple example is that the US, being a rich nation, bids up the price of oil, farmers up-river from Bangladesh use cow dung (formerly used as fuel) for crops, trees are cut for fuel, top soil erodes and Bangladesh is flooded, sweeping thousands to their death. That such actions, reactions and suffering stems from wasteful driving habits in the US is real but difficult to accept. Another complication is perception. After the 1929 crash all the factories, raw materials and workers remained in place but the elaborate tissue of our civilized life - promises, contracts, agreements - were based on perceptions and these had changed. When people believe a bank no longer deserves their trust, a run on the bank causes its collapse and confirms their worst fears. People's perception of the future plays an important role in determining the future.
The 1960s and 1970s witnessed many wild cards - low probability events that had a profound influence on society. Unfortunately, low probability events have high probability over time. 9/11/2001 is an example of a wildcard event which was on many lists but not high enough to budget for. The perception of a specific event or collection of events is highly variable depending upon where you stand on the world scene. Even twenty years ago the authors considered the growing gap between rich and poor a threat which could produce a wild card. Since then technology has strengthened the power of the individual and there is an increasing probability of wild card events affecting our lives.
The value of this book is that it provides a model that we can use today for deciding the future we want. If we are wiser today than twenty years ago we will agree on the future we want, plan how to get there and then have the courage to implement it. Only in this way will we wrest back some real control over our lives.

Summary: Atalnte cronologico delle civiltà dal 35.000 a.C. al 500 d.C.

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Summary: Unit 13: Transport Networks
Unit 14: Boundaries and Bounded Spaces

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Summary: In this book, F.A. Hayek sets some very important nerves blank.
Social sciences study the relations between men and things and between men and men. Some philosophers thought that social sciences should be treated like natural sciences and that the latter's laws were also valid for the former ones. This `scientistic' viewpoint led to the worst absurdities and aberrations in the history of philosophy.
One of the task of science is to constitute `wholes' by constructing models which reproduce the relationship between some of many phenomena observed in real life. `Wholes' (language, market, morals, money, social processes ...) are not natural `units' like flowers, but refer only to certain structures of relationships which we select because we think that we can discern connections between them. However, for some philosophers `wholes' are more than the aggregate of all constituent parts (e.g. human history, societies, economies) and are subject to relatively simple laws. This viewpoint led to the thesis that the coherence of these large entities must be subjected to conscious control.
As F.A. Hayek remarks, phenomena like language, markets, money or morals are not real artifacts, products of deliberate creation, but the outcome of spontaneous processes. There is a crucial difference between influencing spontaneous processes and attempting to replace them by organizations fabricated by conscious control. Nevertheless, for some philosophers, processes which are consciously directed are superior to any spontaneous ones. Man must have complete power to refashion everything in any way he desires. The outcome of these policies was pure determinism, relativism, totalitarianism, collectivism, compulsive planning.
A few examples quoted in this book:
For A. Comte, `freedom equaled the rational submission to the domination of natural laws. Liberty of conscience was an antisocial dogma and a revolting monstrosity.' `There is nothing good and nothing bad; everything is relative; this is the only absolute statement.'
For F. Hegel, `man cannot change the course of history, which is directed by the laws of the development of the human mind.' `All that is real is rational and all that is rational is real.'
The influence of these philosophers (and others) cannot be overestimated until today.
In this book, F. A. Hayek shows how the 'fallacy of misplaced concreteness' generated (generates) disastrous policies for hundreds of millions of humans.
Not to be missed.

Summary: An analysis of the theory and practice of concurrent currencies

Summary: For those who wonder why the promised utopia of state intervention never seems to work out as planned, this book provides the answer. Hayek addresses a much ignored theme, namely how institutions like money, markets and trade developed spontaneously and flourished because they were superior to any alternatives, not because they were consciously designed. He makes a powerful argument for tampering with these at our peril, and does so in a style that is not beyond the scope of a reader not familiar with economic theory.

Summary: A collection of essays that links the Austrian School to the modern rebirth of classical liberal thought.

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Summary: The thesis of this book is quite a simple one. No one person or group of people can possibly have enough knowledge to effectively run an economy. No-one is able to collect and make use of sufficient information even about the past, let alone the present. Any attempt, therefore, to plan the future is bound to fail. Hayek goes on to postulate that this failure must result in the rule of a dictator as a last desperate fallback to take command of the spiralling chaos. The experience he had in mind, of course, was Nazi Germany whose fate he saw as ineluctable from the birth of the German welfare state in the late 19th Century. The command economy signifies the submission of the individual to the dictates of the planners in whose hands is concentrated the power that was once dispersed among many industrialists. The individual is thus reduced to the condition of the serf who ends up without even the power to sell his labour to a higher bidder.
This is a defence of private property, and the responsibility of the individual for his own fate whatever it may be. It is not libertarian; it does not wish to whittle down the power of the state to a bare minimum. However, aside from the legislation of basic standards, it argues for the exclusion of centralised power from the quick of economic life and the enabling of choice even to the poorest. It is a fundamental text of what was once called liberalism, and is as relevant today as it ever was.

Summary: This book is not an easy read, at least not for myself! Much of its meaning evolves out of second and third re-readings but it does offer a profound insight into what I believe to be a major phase of the process of evolution, that of Phenomenal Evolution. I am in fact still reading the book and may well be doing so for some time!! The book itself actual equates itself with Theoretical Psychology seeking to make sense of sensory processes of classification in the context of functionality of the brain and mental development in relation to mind but for me its significance ranges far beyond this somewhat narrower field of interest, although of course its value, for all that it is now over 50 years old, is not in any way diminished as a result.
The biological processes involved in sensing external stimulations, transmitting information representative of the sensed stimulations, modification of cellular states as a result of secondary stimulation by representative information that then becomes representative of past history is remarkable and Hayek seeks to make sense of these processes. Not that the sequence of event stops there, on the contrary that is only the beginning, for, once in the biological body, the body and in particular the brain starts its own process of sensory awareness of its own state. A process that is a result of repetitive interpretation of the representative states that are initiated, at first by external stimulation, combined in all probability with epigenetic influences inherent in the genetic structure of the biological entity, and subsequently by both external and internal stimulations working in alliance. This is a process of mind-boggling complexity dependent on, as previously stated, interpretation of representational states and consequentially prone to error. Seeing this in the context of evolution and realising that the evolution of the brain brought with it the evolution of mind, Phenomenal Evolution, with this inherent tendency to error was enlightening to say the least.
An important book and an informative read.

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Summary: In 1920, Ludwig von Mises dropped a bombshell on the European economic world with his article called "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth." It argued that socialism was impossible as an economic system. It set off two decades of debate, so by the time the essays appeared in English, in this very book here, in 1935, the debate was still raging. This volume edited by F.A. Hayek dug the knife into socialism's heart unlike any book to ever appear. It contains essays by Mises along with a foreword and afterword by Hayek. It also contains more commentary by N.G. Pierson, George Halm, and Enrico Barone.
It is exceptionally well edited and beautifully argued, and has not been in print for many years. The contents are nothing short of prophetic.
The so-called "Calculation Argument" has never been answered. It shows that without private property in capital goods, there can be no prices and hence no data available for cost accounting. Production becomes random at best, and completely irrational. Mises had convinced his generation and this book completely devastates the whole socialist apparatus from a theoretical point of view.No one interested in this debate can afford not to be well-versed in the contents of this book.

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Summary: The publisher is right is saying this is one of the finest works describing the pre-World War One era. The book's chapters on the rise of the masses and the foment of anti-Semitism stand as classics in their depth and discernment. This is a MUST read for any student of the pre-WWI period in European history. Hayes lively account of the times and issues makes issues come alive and puts the rest of the 20th century into context.

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Summary: This book has been the springboard from which millions have come to understand the basic truths about economics--and the economic fallacies responsible for inflation, unemployment, high taxes, and recession. H.L. Mencken called Hazlitt "one of the few economists in human history who could really write." Nobel Laureate F.A. Hayek hailed this book as "a brilliant performance."
"If there were a Nobel Prize for clear economic thinking, Mr. Hazlitt's book would be a worthy recipient... like a surgeon's scalpel, it cuts through... much nonsense that has been written in recent years about our economic ailments." -- John W. Hanes, former Undersecretary of the Treasury

Summary: Cathedrals, Abbeys & Famous Churches

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Summary: With Particular Reference to Local Government and Land Use Planning

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Summary: En 1936, deux soeurs, de belles adolescentes, disparaissent dans un petit village anglophone de Gaspésie: Griffin Creek. Un récit-puzzle composé de journaux intimes, de confessions inachevées, d'extraits de livres et de lettres, des récits successifs des protagonistes. Un grand roman à "l'atmosphère d'étrangeté romantique" dans lequel il n'y a rien de banal même si le convenu (les conventions romanesques) y abonde. Une oeuvre qui, comme le signale la critique du Devoir, interpelle le manichéisme occidental et son puritanisme. Style remarquable. Prix Femina 1982. [SDM].

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Summary: This is an excellent 1967 translation of the classic 1821 book written by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. The book is unabridged and offers the reader a view into the monumental system developed by Hegel in the 19th Century.
Although the "continental philosophy" of Hegel is now out of fashion in scholastic/philosophical circles in the United States, (abandoned, in large part, for the "analytic philosophy" of Rudolf Carnap), this book offers the reader a chance to see Hegel applying his most important concept--the dialectics--to law, rights, morality, the family, economic life and the state.
Universal right is defined as the synthesis of the conflict and struggle between the thesis of a person acting in accordance with the law and the (sometimes) antithesis of the person's desire to act in accordance with thier own convictions. The State is must mold itself to allow individuals to satisfy the demands of both, in order to bring about harmony and prosperity in human society--the perfect synthesis.

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Summary: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, The Philosophy of History
Søren Kierkegaard, Fear and Trembling
Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil

Summary: A classification and systems appraisal

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Summary: This is really an excellent book. Heilbroner's introdution to the lives and times of some of the brightest, and other not so bright, economic thinkers of yesteryear is as good an introduction to economics as any that I've read.
The Worldly Philosophers was my second book on economics and economic thinkers that I read and influenced me to read on.

Summary: Science and art and the solving of problems

Summary: In 2075, the Moon is no longer a penal colony. But it is still a prison ... Life isn't easy for the political dissidents and convicts who live in the scattered colonies that make up lunar civilisation. Everything is regulated strictly, efficiently and cheaply by a central supercomputer, HOLMES IV. When humble technician Mannie O'Kelly-Davis discovers that HOLMES IV has quietly achieved consciousness (and developed a sense of humour), the choice is clear: either report the problem to the authorities ... or become friends. And perhaps overthrow the government while they're at it. The Moon is a Harsh Mistress has been called Robert A. Heinlein's crowning achievement.

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